PHASE REFERENCING

• Use separate calibrator

  • Nodding calibrator (move antennas)
  • In-beam calibrator (separate correlation pass)

• Very similar to VLA calibration but:

  • Models and atmosphere worse
  • Calibrate often (5 minute or faster cycle)
  • Get close calibrator (< 5 deg)

• Use for weak sources

• Use for position measurements

• About 30-50% of VLBA observations

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