From sailing ships to interplanetary probes, advances in Positioning, Navigation, and Timing have always spawned new advances in exploration and furthered the understanding of our environment. Advances in the Earth and space scientific exploration depend in large part upon the vigorous development of geodetic science and technology and the associated infrastructure of a technologically advanced Global Geodetic Observing System (GGOS). The accuracy and timeliness of geodetic products must improve to meet the research and operations needs of climate change, natural hazards, and interplanetary exploration. From the melting of ice caps to earthquakes mass transport within the Earth system is an important geodetic observable of the Earth System. Understanding sea level change and crustal dynamics requires a multi-decadal reference frame with and accuracy of 1.0 mm and stability better than 0.1 mm/yr. The challenges and opportunities to the GGOS include a quadrupling of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) accompanied by over a ten fold expansion of new precise signals; an aging, heterogeneous, and poorly distributed observatory infrastructure; the potential for new, effective and robust observing strategies such as GNSS remote sensing and geodetic imaging. To advance the understanding of our planet and our universe, we must set a course toward the development of the next generation GGOS- the Geodetic Telescope. NASA’s Earth Science Division is advancing a vision for the Geodetic Telescope. The Geodetic Telescope is an optimized global distribution of observatories with co-located VLBI, GNSS, SLR, and DORIS instrumentation meeting defined performance standards with real time performance. NASA is supporting the development of these standards within the structure of the GGOS and its services. Critical to achieving improved accuracy within the next generation GGOS are integrated observing and analysis strategies and multiple collocation strategies to characterize and eliminate systematic errors. These strategies include SLR and VLBI tracking of the GNSS satellites and advanced geodetic satellites that build upon the GRACE and LAGEOS concepts, multi-technique integrated analysis software, and a new generation of VLBI, SLR, and GNSS instrumentation. A very important element in the utility of this new Geodetic Telescope is the implementation of real time product delivery such as NASA/JPL’s Global Differential GPS and the delivery by the IVS of near real time Earth Orientation Parameters using e-VLBI technology. Applications of the next generation GGOS- the Geodetic Telescope can be extended to include space science with a more accurate determination of the Celestial Reference Frame, lunar and interplanetary navigation and communications.