Interferometry at visible and infrared wavelengths is coming of age. Instruments in the US, France, UK, and Australia have produced a number of astrophysically interesting results: measurements of stellar diameters and limb darkening, orbits of binaries with semi-major axes as small as a few milliarcseconds, proof that Be star shells are geometrically thin disks, and more. Simple objects such as binary stars can now be imaged with closure phase techniques, and frequency synthesis can be used to improve the uv coverage. Astrometric measurements have demonstrated sub-milliarcsecond precision for the relative position of two stars separated by a few arcseconds. The next generation of interferometers (notably the Keck and VLT Interferometers) have ambitious goals to exploit the sensitivity of large apertures, and to reach a precision of 20 microarcseconds for relative astrometry. The goal for the Space Interferometry Mission (SIM) is to reach about 4 microarcseconds over the whole sky, and 1 microarcsecond over one degree. This will allow the astrometric detection of Earth-like planets around nearby stars, and unprecedented studies of Galactic dynamics. Both NASA and ESA are studying concepts for nulling interferometers working in the thermal infrared that would be capable of imaging extrasolar planetary systems, and to perform spectroscopy of the atmospheres of Earth-like planets at distances up to 15pc.