NH3 in the Central 10 pc of the Galaxy. II. Determination of Opacity for Gas with Large Linewidths

Robeson S. McGary(1) and Paul T.P. Ho(1)


(1) Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138,,rmcgary@cfa.harvard.edu, pho@cfa.harvard.edu

Paper: ApJ (2002), in press

EPrint Server: astro-ph/0206077


Abstract:

The 23 GHz emission lines from the NH3 rotation inversion transitions are widely used to investigate the kinematics and physical conditions in dense molecular clouds. The line profile is composed of hyperfine components which can be used to calculate the opacity of the gas (Ho & Townes 1983). For intrinsic linewidths of a few km/s, the 18 magnetic hyperfine components blend together to form a line profile composed of five quadrupole hyperfine lines. If the intrinsic linewidth exceeds one half of the separation of these quadrupole hyperfine components ( 5-10 km/s) these five lines blend together and the observed linewidths greatly overestimate the intrinsic linewidths. If uncorrected, these artificially broad linewidths will lead to artificially high opacities. We have observed this effect in our NH3 data from the central 10 pc of the Galaxy where uncorrected NH3 (1,1) linewidths of 30 km/s exaggerate the intrinsic linewidths by more than a factor of two (Genzel & Townes 1987). Models of the effect of blending on the line profile enable us to solve for the intrinsic linewidth and opacity of NH3 using the observed linewidth and intensity of two NH3 rotation inversion transitions. By using the observed linewidth instead of the entire line profile, our method may also be used to correct linewidths in historical data where detailed information on the shape of the line profile is no longer available. We present the result of the application of this method to our Galactic Center data. We successfully recover the intrinsic linewidth ( 15 km/s) and opacity of the gas. Clouds close to the nucleus in projected distance as well as those that are being impacted by Sgr A East show the highest intrinsic linewidths. The cores of the ``southern streamer'' (Ho et al., 1991; Coil & Ho 1999,2000) and the ``50 km/s'' giant molecular cloud (GMC) have the highest opacities.


Preprints available from the authors at rmcgary@iorek.harvard.edu , or the raw TeX (no figures) if you click here.

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